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"If I Were a Man"
Charlotte Perkins Gilman
(1914)
"If I were a man,
"
that was what pretty little Mollie Mathewson always said when Gerald would
not do what she wanted him to--which was seldom.
That was what she said
this bright morning, with a stamp of her little high-heeled slipper, just
because he had made a fuss about that bill, the long one with the "account
rendered," which she had forgotten to give him the first time and
been afraid to the second--and now he had taken it from the postman himself.
Mollie was "true
to type." She was a beautiful instance of what is reverentially called
"a true woman." Little, of course--no true woman may be big.
Pretty, of course--no true woman could possibly be plain. Whimsical, capricious,
charming changeable, devoted to pretty clothes and always "wearing
them well," as the esoteric phrase has it. (This does not refer to
the clothes-they do not wear well in the least--but to some special grace
of putting them on and carrying them about, granted to but few, it appears.)
She was also a loving
wife and a devoted mother possessed of "the social gift" and
the love of "society" that goes with it, and with all these
was fond and proud of her home and managed it as capably as--well, as
most women do.
If ever there was a true woman it was Mollie Mathewson, yet she was wishing
heart and soul she was a man.
And all of a sudden she
was!
She was Gerald, walking
down the path so erect and square-shouldered, in a hurry for his morning
train, as usual, and, it must be confessed, in something of a temper.
Her own words were ringing
in her ears--not only the "last word," but several that had
gone before, and she was holding her lips tight shut, not to say something
she would be sorry for. But instead of acquiescence in the position taken
by that angry little figure on the veranda, what she felt was a sort of
superior pride, a sympathy as with weakness, a feeling that "I must
be gentle with her," in spite of the temper.
A man! Really a man-with
only enough subconscious memory of herself remaining to make her recognize
the differences.
At first there was a funny
sense of size and weight and extra thickness, the feet and hands seemed
strangely large, and her long, straight, free legs swung forward at a
gait that made her feel as if on stilts.
This presently passed,
and in its place, growing all day, wherever she went, came a new and delightful
feeling of being the right size.
Everything fitted now.
Her back snugly against the seat-back, her feet comfortably on the floor.
Her feet? . . . His feet! She studied them carefully. Never before, since
her early school days, had she felt such freedom and comfort as to feet--they
were firm and solid on the ground when she walked; quick, springy, safe--as
when, moved by an unrecognizable impulse, she had run after, caught, and
swung aboard the car.
Another impulse fished
in a convenient pocket for change--instantly, automatically, bringing
forth a nickel for the conductor and a penny for the newsboy.
These pockets came as
a revelation. Of course she had known they were there, had counted them,
made fun of them, mended them, even envied them; but she never had dreamed
of how it felt to have pockets.
Behind her newspaper she
let her consciousness, that odd mingled consciousness, rove from pocket
to pocket, realizing the armored assurance of having all those things
at hand, instantly get-at-able, ready to meet emergencies. The cigar case
gave her a warm feeling of comfort--it was full; the firmly held fountain
pen, safe unless she stood on her head; the keys, pencils, letters, documents,
notebook, checkbook, bill folder--all at once, with a deep rushing sense
of power and pride, she felt what she had never felt before in all her
life--the possession of money, of her own earned money--hers to give or
to withhold, not to beg for, tease for, wheedle for--hers.
That bill--why, if it
had come to her--to him, that is, he would have paid it as a matter of
course and never mentioned it--to her.
Then, being he, sitting
there so easily and firmly with his money in his pockets, she wakened
to his life-long consciousness about money. Boyhood--its desires and dreams,
ambitions. Young manhood--working tremendously for the wherewithal to
make a home--for her. The present years with all their net of cares and
hopes and dangers; the present moment, when he needed every cent for special
plans of great importance, and this bill, long overdue and demanding payment,
meant an amount of inconvenience wholly unnecessary if it had been given
him when it first came; also, the man's keen dislike of that "account
rendered."
"Women have no business
sense!" she found herself saying. "And all that money just for
hats--idiotic, useless, ugly things!"
With that she began to
see the hats of the women in the car as she had never seen hats before.
The men's seemed normal, dignified, becoming, with enough variety for
personal taste, and with a distinction in style and in age, such as she
had never noticed before. But the
women's--
With the eyes of a man
and the brain of a man; with the memory of a whole lifetime of free action
wherein the hat, close-fitting on cropped hair, had been no handicap;
she now perceived the hats of women.
The massed fluffed hair
was at once attractive and foolish, and on that hair, at every angle,
in all colors, tipped, twisted, tortured into every crooked shape, made
of any substance chance might offer, perched these formless objects. Then,
on their formlessness the trimmings--these squirts of stiff feathers,
these violent outstanding bows of glistening ribbon, these swaying, projecting
masses of plumage which tormented the faces of bystanders.
Never in all her life
had she imagined that this idolized millinery could look, to those who
paid for it, like the decorations of an insane monkey.
And yet, when there came
into the car a little woman, as foolish as any, but pretty and sweet-looking,
up rose Gerald Mathewson and gave her his seat. And, later, when there
came in a handsome red-cheeked girl, whose hat was wilder, more violent
in color and eccentric in shape than any other--when she stood nearby
and her soft curling plumes swept his cheek once and again--he felt a
sense of sudden pleasure at the intimate tickling touch--and she, deep
down within, felt such a wave of shame as might well drown a thousand
hats forever.
When he took his train,
his seat in the smoking car, she had a new surprise. All about him were
the other men, commuters too, and many of them friends of his.
To her, they would have
been distinguished as "Mary Wade's husband," "the man Belle
Grant is engaged to," "that rich Mr. Shopworth," or "that
pleasant Mr. Beale." And they would all have lifted their hats to
her, bowed, made polite conversation if near enough-especially Mr. Beale.
Now came the feeling of
open-eyed acquaintance, of knowing men--as they were. The mere amount
of this knowledge was a surprise to her--the whole background of talk
from boyhood up, the gossip of barber-shop and club, the conversation
of morning and evening hours on trains, the knowledge of political affiliation,
of business standing and prospects, of character--in a light she had never
known before. They came and talked to Gerald, one and another. He seemed
quite popular. And as they talked, with this new memory and new understanding,
an understanding which seemed to include all these men's minds, there
poured in on the submerged consciousness beneath a new, a startling knowledge--what
men really think of women.
Good, average, American
men were there; married men for the most part, and happy-as happiness
goes in general. In the minds of each and all there seemed to be a two-story
department, quite apart from the rest of their ideas, a separate place
where they kept their thoughts and feelings about women.
In the upper half were
the tenderest emotions, the most exquisite ideals, the sweetest memories,
all lovely sentiments as to "home" and "mother," all
delicate admiring adjectives, a sort of sanctuary, where a veiled statue,
blindly adored, shared place with beloved yet commonplace experiences.
In the lower half--here
that buried consciousness woke to keen distress--they kept quite another
assortment of ideas. Here, even in this clean-minded husband of hers,
was the memory of stories told at men's dinners, of worse ones overheard
in street or car, of base traditions, coarse epithets, gross experiences--known,
though not shared.
And all these in the department
"woman," while in the rest of the mind-here was new knowledge
indeed.
The world opened before
her. Not the world she had been reared in--where Home had covered all
the map, almost, and the rest had been "foreign," or "unexplored
country," but the world as it was--man's world, as made, lived in,
and seen, by men. It was dizzying. To see the houses that fled so fast
across the car window, in terms of builders' bills, or of some technical
insight into materials and methods; to see a passing village with lamentable
knowledge of who "owned it" and of how its Boss was rapidly
aspiring in state power, or of how that kind of paving was a failure;
to see shops, not as mere exhibitions of desirable objects, but as business
ventures, many were sinking ships, some promising a profitable voyage--this
new world bewildered her.
She--as Gerald--had already
forgotten about that bill, over which she--as Mollie--was still crying
at home. Gerald was "talking business" with this man, "talking
politics" with that, and now sympathizing with the carefully withheld
troubles of a neighbor.
Mollie had always sympathized
with the neighbor's wife before.
She began to struggle
violently with this large dominant masculine consciousness. She remembered
with sudden clearness things she had read, lectures she had heard, and
resented with increasing intensity this serene masculine preoccupation
with the male point of view.
Mr. Miles, the little
fussy man who lived on the other side of the street, was talking now.
He had a large complacent wife; Mollie had never liked her much, but had
always thought him rather nice--he was so punctilious in small courtesies.
And here he was talking
to Gerald--such talk!
"Had to come in here,"
he said. "Gave my seat to a dame who was bound to have it. There's
nothing they won't get when they make up their minds to it--eh?"
"No fear!" said
the big man in the next seat. "They haven't much mind to make up,
you know--and if they do, they'll change it."
"The real danger,"
began the Rev. Alfred Smythe, the new Episcopal clergyman, a thin, nervous,
tall man with a face several centuries behind the times, "is that
they will overstep the limits of their God-appointed sphere."
"Their natural limits
ought to hold 'em, I think," said cheerful Dr. Jones. "You can't
get around physiology, I tell you."
"I've never seen
any limits, myself, not to what they want, anyhow," said Mr. Miles.
"Merely a rich husband and a fine house and no end of bonnets and
dresses, and the latest thing in motors, and a few diamonds--and so on.
Keeps us pretty busy."
There was a tired gray
man across the aisle. He had a very nice wife, always beautifully dressed,
and three unmarried daughters, also beautifully dressed--Mollie knew them.
She knew he worked hard, too, and she looked at him now a little anxiously.
But he smiled cheerfully.
"Do you good, Miles,"
he said. "What else would a man work for? A good woman is about the
best thing on earth."
"And a bad one's
the worse, that's sure," responded Miles.
"She's a pretty weak
sister, viewed professionally," Dr. Jones averred with solemnity,
and the Rev. Alfred Smythe added, "She brought evil into the world."
Gerald Mathewson sat up
straight. Something was stirring in him which he did not recognize--yet
could not resist.
"Seems to me we all
talk like Noah," he suggested drily. "Or the ancient Hindu scriptures.
Women have their limitations, but so do we, God knows. Haven't we known
girls in school and college just as smart as we were?"
"They cannot play
our games," coldly replied the clergyman.
Gerald measured his meager
proportions with a practiced eye.
"I never was particularly
good at football myself," he modestly admitted, "but I've known
women who could outlast a man in all-round endurance. Besides--life isn't
spent in athletics!"
This was sadly true. They
all looked down the aisle where a heavy ill-dressed man with a bad complexion
sat alone. He had held the top of the columns once, with headlines and
photographs. Now he earned less than any of them.
"It's time we woke
up," pursued Gerald, still inwardly urged to unfamiliar speech. "Women
are pretty much people, seems to me. I know they dress like fools--but
who's to blame for that? We invent all those idiotic hats of theirs, and
design their crazy fashions, and what's more, if a woman is courageous
enough to wear common-sense clothes--and shoes--which of us wants to dance
with her?
"Yes, we blame them
for grafting on us, but are we willing to let our wives work? We are not.
It hurts our pride, that's all. We are always criticizing them for making
mercenary marriages, but what do we call a girl who marries a chump with
no money? Just a poor fool, that's all. And they know it.
"As for Mother Eve-I
wasn't there and can't deny the story, but I will say this. If she brought
evil into the world, we men have had the lion's share of keeping it going
ever since-how about that?"
They drew into the city,
and all day long in his business, Gerald was vaguely conscious of new
views, strange feelings, and the submerged Mollie learned and learned.
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